When it comes to shampoos, every store has a buffet full of different products to choose from. Some offer shine, some offer hydration, and all the promise of cleanliness.

With such a lengthy list filled with unpronounceable shampoo ingredients, it's hard to know what you're actually putting on your hair. It's important to know the ingredients used to wash your hair, especially if some can cause irritation or buildup. Whether it's a tried-and-true skincare regimen, the frequency of your hair washing or the cosmetics you're curious about, beauty is personal.

Common Shampoo Ingredients

Most shampoos are formulated with ingredients that contain about 10 to 30 different ingredients.

All shampoos need to contain cleansers or detergents to adequately remove oil, dirt, sebum buildup and odor from the scalp. They work by removing impurities from the scalp and rinsing them away with water.

Common detergents in shampoo are surfactantsTrusted Source, including sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), and sodium laureth sulfate (SLES). These surfactants work alongside cosurfactants, such as cocamidopropyl betaine.

 Ingredients of Shampoo

Common ingredients in shampoo include:

surfactants
foaming agents
conditioners
thickeners
opacifiers
sequestering agents
preservatives
special additives
fragrance

Common shampoo thickeners include:

cetyl alcohol
stearyl alcohol
carnauba wax
xanthan gum
gelatin
stearic acid

Two common pH regulators are citric acid or glycolic acid. Sequestering agents that prevent scum from forming on hair include polyphosphates and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

Then there are preservatives, which prevent bacteria formation.

Common preservatives include:

sodium benzoate
1,3-dimethylol-5,5-dimethyl (DMDM) hydantoin
tetrasodium EDTA
methylisothiazolinone
potassium sorbate
sorbic acid
dehydroacetic acid
benzyl alcohol

Finally, shampoos may contain a form of vitamin B5 called panthenol, the moisture-retaining humectant glycol, and fragrance for a pleasant smell.

 Daily Chemical Grade Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose

Natural Shampoo Ingredients

A shampoo is considered natural when it is sulfate-free and contains organic and botanical ingredients. Natural shampoos usually contain no synthetic ingredients, but instead contain essential oils, fruit extracts, botanicals and certified organic ingredients.

Plant-based ingredients are often considered mild and include seed oils and fruit extracts. They are unlikely to disrupt the natural pH and oil balance of the hair and scalp. However, be sure to test for allergies before using ingredients to which you may be sensitive.

Look for natural ingredients.

Plant oils such as jojoba, geranium and argan oils
Organic green tea
Aloe Vera
Chamomile
Coconut oil
Organic Honey

Bergamot Essential Oil
Olive
Organic Hemp
Root extracts, such as burdock root
Fruit extracts, such as star anise
Essential oils, such as peppermint, lavender and lemon

These natural ingredients are gentler on the hair and scalp because they do not strip the hair cuticle when cleansing. They also help hydrate while still providing a good cleansing effect.

In contrast, the chemicals in some shampoos can remove hair oils and cause damage.

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